Anatomy of Iranian species Teucrium polium

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Teucrium (Lamiaceae) is a large and polymorphic genus distributed mainly in the Europe, North Africa and in the temperate parts of Asia. In Iran, 12 species are native. In this study, the anatomical features of the leaf and stem Teucrium polium are investigated. T. polium belonging to sect. Polium is a perennial herb growing on Lorestan province. The anatomical studies on T. polium revealed that the stem shares the general characteristics of the Labiatae family. The leaves clearly exhibit xeromorphy due to features such as the thick cuticle layer, thick outer epidermal cell wall, a high density of trichomes and thick palisade layer of the mesophyll.

Teucrium is a large and polymorphic genus distributed mainly in Europe, North Africa and in the temperate parts of Asia. The genus Teucrium was represented with 12 species in Iran. The basic sectional arrangement of the genus is based mainly on the calyx and inflorescence types with varying characteristics. The transverse section of the lamina and surface preparations of both epidermises revealed that the upper and lower epidermises comprise uniseriate, oblong cells. The upper epidermis cells are larger than the lower ones. Both epidermises are covered with a cuticle. The upper cuticle layer is equal with the lower one. There are Eglandular and glandular trichomes on the entire epidermal surface, but the trichomes density of the upper epidermis is not as high as that of the lower epidermis. Midrib is triangle shaped and has 4–6 layered collenchyma located above lower epidermis. Vascular bundles are collateral and surrounded by a parenchymatic bundle sheath. Leaves are bifacial (dorsiventral). Palisade parenchyma cells are 3-layered under the upper epidermis. Spongy parenchyma cells are 2- layered under the lower epidermis. However, the palisade parenchyma occupies about almost of the mesophyll. Palisade parenchyma cells are 2-layered above the lower epidermis. Namely, the palisade tissue is about two times as thick as the spongy tissue.

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Jones Carrol